https://api-trestle.corelogic.com/trestle/Media/CRMLS/Property/PHOTO-Jpeg/1109091011/1/NTY4NC84NDk3LzE5/MTkvMTY4ODIvMTc0Mjc2MzcxNQ/6ZDRRF_yn1-m3pwiiD3FpBw6gOlL9oBK9wnCidi9_xc

Back to Search

23968 Francisco Way

Valencia, CA, 91354

Off-Market Call for Pricing

Call for Pricing

☆☆☆☆☆★★★★★
Five Stars
(0)

5 Bedrooms
3 Bathrooms
3,246 Sq Ft
6,186 Sq Ft

Description

Welcome to your dream home in The Ranch at Tesoro Del Valle! This stunning 5-bedroom (including a convenient downstairs bedroom), plus office, 3-bath, 3,246 sq ft POOL home offers breathtaking VIEWS and comes with PAID OFF SOLAR!

Step inside to a spacious formal living room with plush carpet and plenty of natural light. Beyond the peaceful courtyard, you’ll find an elegant formal dining room with beautiful tile flooring featuring decorative inlays—perfect for hosting special gatherings.

The gourmet kitchen boasts custom cabinetry, granite countertops, a tile backsplash, a spacious center island, and stainless-steel appliances (all less than 2 years old!). There’s also an eat-in area and a built-in desk for added convenience.

The expansive family room features tile flooring, surround sound, a built-in media niche, a cozy fireplace, and dual sliders leading to your private backyard oasis. The first floor also includes a bedroom and full bath, ideal for guests, plus a laundry room and direct access to a 2-car garage.

Upstairs, the luxurious primary suite offers panoramic views of the Santa Clarita Valley. The ensuite bathroom includes a soaking tub, separate shower, dual sinks, a vanity, and a huge walk-in closet with built-in organizers. Three additional bedrooms, all with ceiling fans, share a hall bath with dual sinks and designer tile floors. The enclosed loft with custom barn doors creates the perfect private office space.

Additional upgrades include fresh interior paint, new carpet, a Nest thermostat, and a Culligan water system.

Enjoy resort-style living in the beautifully landscaped backyard, complete with a custom pool, built-in BBQ island, a lemon tree, and stunning views!

As part of the Tesoro Del Valle HOA, you’ll have access to some of Santa Clarita’s finest amenities: a private lake, picnic areas, playgrounds, parks, BBQ areas, baseball and soccer fields, basketball and sand volleyball courts, a clubhouse, gym, 3 pools, and 2 Jacuzzis!

This exceptional home truly has it all—don’t miss your chance to make it yours!

Loading map...

Amenities

Garage

Pool

Garden

Security System

Internet

Telephone

Heating

Fireplace

Balcony & Patio

TV / Cable

Laundry

Hardwood Floors

Spa

Air Conditioning

Solar Power

Floor Plan

Great Views

Natural Light

Quiet

Water View

Elevator

Guest Unit(s)

Furnished

220 Volt

Property Details

List Price	$1,195,000
Property Type	Single Family Homes
Usable Sqft	3,246
Number of Stories	2 stories
Parking Spots	2 spots
Year Built	2004
Last Sold	Unknown
Sold Price	Unknown
HOA Fees:	$195
Association Name:	Tesoro Del Valle
Association Amenities:	Clubhouse,Outdoor Cooking Area,Barbecue,Playground,Pool,Spa/Hot Tub,Security,Trail(s)

APN #	3244176017
MLS #	SR25058211
Property ID	321381870
Lot Sqft	6,186
Zoning	LCA25*
Total Units	1
Days on Market	7
Original List Price	$1,195,000
Date Updated	March 25, 2025
Date Created	March 23, 2025

Mortgage Center

Listed Price

Down Payment

Compare rates

Interest Rate

Show Advance Options

Property Tax

Home Insurance

Per Month

HOA Dues

Per Month

Include Property Taxes

Include Home Insurance

Include HOA Dues

CanvasJS.com

Your payment
$8,523
per month

Mortgage Calculator

See your potential mortage payment

Principle & Interest

Property Taxes

Home Insurance

HOA Dues

CanvasJS.com

Estimated payment	$8,523 /mo
Loan amount	$1,195,000
Down payment	$0
Interest rate	7.5%
Loan term	30 years
Taxes & insurance included?	YES
Property tax	1.2%/YR
Homeowner's insurance	$67/mo
HOA dues	$0/mo

Payment Breakdown

CanvasJS.com

Your payment
$8,523
per month

Amortization

CanvasJS.com

Principal vs. interest

CanvasJS.com

Amortization Schedule

Over 360 months you will spend $1,812,638 in interest.

MONTH	PRINCIPAL & INTEREST	PRINCIPAL	INTEREST	PRINCIPAL REMAINING
1	$8,356	$887	$7,469	$1,194,113
2	$8,356	$893	$7,463	$1,193,220
3	$8,356	$898	$7,458	$1,192,322
4	$8,356	$904	$7,452	$1,191,418
5	$8,356	$910	$7,446	$1,190,508
6	$8,356	$915	$7,441	$1,189,593
7	$8,356	$921	$7,435	$1,188,672
8	$8,356	$927	$7,429	$1,187,745
9	$8,356	$933	$7,423	$1,186,812
10	$8,356	$938	$7,418	$1,185,874
11	$8,356	$944	$7,412	$1,184,929
12	$8,356	$950	$7,406	$1,183,979
13	$8,356	$956	$7,400	$1,183,023
14	$8,356	$962	$7,394	$1,182,061
15	$8,356	$968	$7,388	$1,181,093
16	$8,356	$974	$7,382	$1,180,119
17	$8,356	$980	$7,376	$1,179,138
18	$8,356	$986	$7,370	$1,178,152
19	$8,356	$993	$7,363	$1,177,160
20	$8,356	$999	$7,357	$1,176,161
21	$8,356	$1,005	$7,351	$1,175,156
22	$8,356	$1,011	$7,345	$1,174,145
23	$8,356	$1,018	$7,338	$1,173,127
24	$8,356	$1,024	$7,332	$1,172,103
25	$8,356	$1,030	$7,326	$1,171,073
26	$8,356	$1,037	$7,319	$1,170,036
27	$8,356	$1,043	$7,313	$1,168,993
28	$8,356	$1,050	$7,306	$1,167,943
29	$8,356	$1,056	$7,300	$1,166,886
30	$8,356	$1,063	$7,293	$1,165,823
31	$8,356	$1,070	$7,286	$1,164,754
32	$8,356	$1,076	$7,280	$1,163,678
33	$8,356	$1,083	$7,273	$1,162,594
34	$8,356	$1,090	$7,266	$1,161,505
35	$8,356	$1,097	$7,259	$1,160,408
36	$8,356	$1,103	$7,253	$1,159,305
37	$8,356	$1,110	$7,246	$1,158,194
38	$8,356	$1,117	$7,239	$1,157,077
39	$8,356	$1,124	$7,232	$1,155,953
40	$8,356	$1,131	$7,225	$1,154,821
41	$8,356	$1,138	$7,218	$1,153,683
42	$8,356	$1,145	$7,211	$1,152,538
43	$8,356	$1,153	$7,203	$1,151,385
44	$8,356	$1,160	$7,196	$1,150,225
45	$8,356	$1,167	$7,189	$1,149,058
46	$8,356	$1,174	$7,182	$1,147,884
47	$8,356	$1,182	$7,174	$1,146,702
48	$8,356	$1,189	$7,167	$1,145,513
49	$8,356	$1,197	$7,159	$1,144,316
50	$8,356	$1,204	$7,152	$1,143,112
51	$8,356	$1,212	$7,144	$1,141,901
52	$8,356	$1,219	$7,137	$1,140,682
53	$8,356	$1,227	$7,129	$1,139,455
54	$8,356	$1,234	$7,122	$1,138,220
55	$8,356	$1,242	$7,114	$1,136,978
56	$8,356	$1,250	$7,106	$1,135,728
57	$8,356	$1,258	$7,098	$1,134,471
58	$8,356	$1,266	$7,090	$1,133,205
59	$8,356	$1,273	$7,083	$1,131,932
60	$8,356	$1,281	$7,075	$1,130,650
61	$8,356	$1,289	$7,067	$1,129,361
62	$8,356	$1,298	$7,059	$1,128,063
63	$8,356	$1,306	$7,050	$1,126,758
64	$8,356	$1,314	$7,042	$1,125,444
65	$8,356	$1,322	$7,034	$1,124,122
66	$8,356	$1,330	$7,026	$1,122,792
67	$8,356	$1,339	$7,017	$1,121,453
68	$8,356	$1,347	$7,009	$1,120,106
69	$8,356	$1,355	$7,001	$1,118,751
70	$8,356	$1,364	$6,992	$1,117,387
71	$8,356	$1,372	$6,984	$1,116,015
72	$8,356	$1,381	$6,975	$1,114,634
73	$8,356	$1,390	$6,966	$1,113,244
74	$8,356	$1,398	$6,958	$1,111,846
75	$8,356	$1,407	$6,949	$1,110,439
76	$8,356	$1,416	$6,940	$1,109,023
77	$8,356	$1,425	$6,931	$1,107,599
78	$8,356	$1,434	$6,922	$1,106,165
79	$8,356	$1,442	$6,914	$1,104,723
80	$8,356	$1,451	$6,905	$1,103,271
81	$8,356	$1,461	$6,895	$1,101,811
82	$8,356	$1,470	$6,886	$1,100,341
83	$8,356	$1,479	$6,877	$1,098,862
84	$8,356	$1,488	$6,868	$1,097,374
85	$8,356	$1,497	$6,859	$1,095,877
86	$8,356	$1,507	$6,849	$1,094,370
87	$8,356	$1,516	$6,840	$1,092,854
88	$8,356	$1,526	$6,830	$1,091,328
89	$8,356	$1,535	$6,821	$1,089,793
90	$8,356	$1,545	$6,811	$1,088,248
91	$8,356	$1,554	$6,802	$1,086,694
92	$8,356	$1,564	$6,792	$1,085,129
93	$8,356	$1,574	$6,782	$1,083,556
94	$8,356	$1,584	$6,772	$1,081,972
95	$8,356	$1,594	$6,762	$1,080,378
96	$8,356	$1,604	$6,752	$1,078,774
97	$8,356	$1,614	$6,742	$1,077,161
98	$8,356	$1,624	$6,732	$1,075,537
99	$8,356	$1,634	$6,722	$1,073,903
100	$8,356	$1,644	$6,712	$1,072,259
101	$8,356	$1,654	$6,702	$1,070,605
102	$8,356	$1,665	$6,691	$1,068,940
103	$8,356	$1,675	$6,681	$1,067,265
104	$8,356	$1,686	$6,670	$1,065,579
105	$8,356	$1,696	$6,660	$1,063,883
106	$8,356	$1,707	$6,649	$1,062,176
107	$8,356	$1,717	$6,639	$1,060,459
108	$8,356	$1,728	$6,628	$1,058,731
109	$8,356	$1,739	$6,617	$1,056,992
110	$8,356	$1,750	$6,606	$1,055,242
111	$8,356	$1,761	$6,595	$1,053,481
112	$8,356	$1,772	$6,584	$1,051,710
113	$8,356	$1,783	$6,573	$1,049,927
114	$8,356	$1,794	$6,562	$1,048,133
115	$8,356	$1,805	$6,551	$1,046,328
116	$8,356	$1,816	$6,540	$1,044,511
117	$8,356	$1,828	$6,528	$1,042,683
118	$8,356	$1,839	$6,517	$1,040,844
119	$8,356	$1,851	$6,505	$1,038,993
120	$8,356	$1,862	$6,494	$1,037,131
121	$8,356	$1,874	$6,482	$1,035,257
122	$8,356	$1,886	$6,470	$1,033,372
123	$8,356	$1,897	$6,459	$1,031,474
124	$8,356	$1,909	$6,447	$1,029,565
125	$8,356	$1,921	$6,435	$1,027,644
126	$8,356	$1,933	$6,423	$1,025,710
127	$8,356	$1,945	$6,411	$1,023,765
128	$8,356	$1,957	$6,399	$1,021,808
129	$8,356	$1,970	$6,386	$1,019,838
130	$8,356	$1,982	$6,374	$1,017,856
131	$8,356	$1,994	$6,362	$1,015,862
132	$8,356	$2,007	$6,349	$1,013,855
133	$8,356	$2,019	$6,337	$1,011,835
134	$8,356	$2,032	$6,324	$1,009,803
135	$8,356	$2,045	$6,311	$1,007,758
136	$8,356	$2,058	$6,298	$1,005,701
137	$8,356	$2,070	$6,286	$1,003,631
138	$8,356	$2,083	$6,273	$1,001,547
139	$8,356	$2,096	$6,260	$999,451
140	$8,356	$2,109	$6,247	$997,342
141	$8,356	$2,123	$6,233	$995,219
142	$8,356	$2,136	$6,220	$993,083
143	$8,356	$2,149	$6,207	$990,934
144	$8,356	$2,163	$6,193	$988,771
145	$8,356	$2,176	$6,180	$986,595
146	$8,356	$2,190	$6,166	$984,405
147	$8,356	$2,203	$6,153	$982,202
148	$8,356	$2,217	$6,139	$979,984
149	$8,356	$2,231	$6,125	$977,753
150	$8,356	$2,245	$6,111	$975,508
151	$8,356	$2,259	$6,097	$973,249
152	$8,356	$2,273	$6,083	$970,976
153	$8,356	$2,287	$6,069	$968,689
154	$8,356	$2,302	$6,054	$966,387
155	$8,356	$2,316	$6,040	$964,071
156	$8,356	$2,331	$6,025	$961,740
157	$8,356	$2,345	$6,011	$959,395
158	$8,356	$2,360	$5,996	$957,035
159	$8,356	$2,375	$5,981	$954,661
160	$8,356	$2,389	$5,967	$952,272
161	$8,356	$2,404	$5,952	$949,867
162	$8,356	$2,419	$5,937	$947,448
163	$8,356	$2,434	$5,922	$945,013
164	$8,356	$2,450	$5,906	$942,564
165	$8,356	$2,465	$5,891	$940,099
166	$8,356	$2,480	$5,876	$937,618
167	$8,356	$2,496	$5,860	$935,123
168	$8,356	$2,511	$5,845	$932,611
169	$8,356	$2,527	$5,829	$930,084
170	$8,356	$2,543	$5,813	$927,541
171	$8,356	$2,559	$5,797	$924,982
172	$8,356	$2,575	$5,781	$922,407
173	$8,356	$2,591	$5,765	$919,816
174	$8,356	$2,607	$5,749	$917,209
175	$8,356	$2,623	$5,733	$914,586
176	$8,356	$2,640	$5,716	$911,946
177	$8,356	$2,656	$5,700	$909,289
178	$8,356	$2,673	$5,683	$906,616
179	$8,356	$2,690	$5,666	$903,927
180	$8,356	$2,706	$5,650	$901,220
181	$8,356	$2,723	$5,633	$898,497
182	$8,356	$2,740	$5,616	$895,757
183	$8,356	$2,758	$5,598	$892,999
184	$8,356	$2,775	$5,581	$890,224
185	$8,356	$2,792	$5,564	$887,432
186	$8,356	$2,810	$5,546	$884,623
187	$8,356	$2,827	$5,529	$881,796
188	$8,356	$2,845	$5,511	$878,951
189	$8,356	$2,863	$5,493	$876,088
190	$8,356	$2,880	$5,476	$873,208
191	$8,356	$2,898	$5,458	$870,309
192	$8,356	$2,917	$5,439	$867,393
193	$8,356	$2,935	$5,421	$864,458
194	$8,356	$2,953	$5,403	$861,505
195	$8,356	$2,972	$5,384	$858,533
196	$8,356	$2,990	$5,366	$855,543
197	$8,356	$3,009	$5,347	$852,534
198	$8,356	$3,028	$5,328	$849,507
199	$8,356	$3,047	$5,309	$846,460
200	$8,356	$3,066	$5,290	$843,394
201	$8,356	$3,085	$5,271	$840,310
202	$8,356	$3,104	$5,252	$837,205
203	$8,356	$3,123	$5,233	$834,082
204	$8,356	$3,143	$5,213	$830,939
205	$8,356	$3,163	$5,193	$827,776
206	$8,356	$3,182	$5,174	$824,594
207	$8,356	$3,202	$5,154	$821,392
208	$8,356	$3,222	$5,134	$818,169
209	$8,356	$3,242	$5,114	$814,927
210	$8,356	$3,263	$5,093	$811,664
211	$8,356	$3,283	$5,073	$808,381
212	$8,356	$3,304	$5,052	$805,078
213	$8,356	$3,324	$5,032	$801,753
214	$8,356	$3,345	$5,011	$798,408
215	$8,356	$3,366	$4,990	$795,042
216	$8,356	$3,387	$4,969	$791,655
217	$8,356	$3,408	$4,948	$788,247
218	$8,356	$3,429	$4,927	$784,818
219	$8,356	$3,451	$4,905	$781,367
220	$8,356	$3,472	$4,884	$777,894
221	$8,356	$3,494	$4,862	$774,400
222	$8,356	$3,516	$4,840	$770,884
223	$8,356	$3,538	$4,818	$767,346
224	$8,356	$3,560	$4,796	$763,786
225	$8,356	$3,582	$4,774	$760,204
226	$8,356	$3,605	$4,751	$756,599
227	$8,356	$3,627	$4,729	$752,972
228	$8,356	$3,650	$4,706	$749,322
229	$8,356	$3,673	$4,683	$745,649
230	$8,356	$3,696	$4,660	$741,953
231	$8,356	$3,719	$4,637	$738,235
232	$8,356	$3,742	$4,614	$734,493
233	$8,356	$3,765	$4,591	$730,727
234	$8,356	$3,789	$4,567	$726,938
235	$8,356	$3,813	$4,543	$723,126
236	$8,356	$3,836	$4,520	$719,289
237	$8,356	$3,860	$4,496	$715,429
238	$8,356	$3,885	$4,471	$711,544
239	$8,356	$3,909	$4,447	$707,635
240	$8,356	$3,933	$4,423	$703,702
241	$8,356	$3,958	$4,398	$699,744
242	$8,356	$3,983	$4,373	$695,762
243	$8,356	$4,007	$4,349	$691,754
244	$8,356	$4,033	$4,323	$687,721
245	$8,356	$4,058	$4,298	$683,664
246	$8,356	$4,083	$4,273	$679,581
247	$8,356	$4,109	$4,247	$675,472
248	$8,356	$4,134	$4,222	$671,338
249	$8,356	$4,160	$4,196	$667,178
250	$8,356	$4,186	$4,170	$662,991
251	$8,356	$4,212	$4,144	$658,779
252	$8,356	$4,239	$4,117	$654,541
253	$8,356	$4,265	$4,091	$650,275
254	$8,356	$4,292	$4,064	$645,984
255	$8,356	$4,319	$4,037	$641,665
256	$8,356	$4,346	$4,010	$637,319
257	$8,356	$4,373	$3,983	$632,947
258	$8,356	$4,400	$3,956	$628,547
259	$8,356	$4,428	$3,928	$624,119
260	$8,356	$4,455	$3,901	$619,664
261	$8,356	$4,483	$3,873	$615,181
262	$8,356	$4,511	$3,845	$610,670
263	$8,356	$4,539	$3,817	$606,130
264	$8,356	$4,568	$3,788	$601,563
265	$8,356	$4,596	$3,760	$596,966
266	$8,356	$4,625	$3,731	$592,341
267	$8,356	$4,654	$3,702	$587,687
268	$8,356	$4,683	$3,673	$583,005
269	$8,356	$4,712	$3,644	$578,292
270	$8,356	$4,742	$3,614	$573,551
271	$8,356	$4,771	$3,585	$568,779
272	$8,356	$4,801	$3,555	$563,978
273	$8,356	$4,831	$3,525	$559,147
274	$8,356	$4,861	$3,495	$554,286
275	$8,356	$4,892	$3,464	$549,394
276	$8,356	$4,922	$3,434	$544,472
277	$8,356	$4,953	$3,403	$539,519
278	$8,356	$4,984	$3,372	$534,535
279	$8,356	$5,015	$3,341	$529,519
280	$8,356	$5,047	$3,310	$524,473
281	$8,356	$5,078	$3,278	$519,395
282	$8,356	$5,110	$3,246	$514,285
283	$8,356	$5,142	$3,214	$509,143
284	$8,356	$5,174	$3,182	$503,970
285	$8,356	$5,206	$3,150	$498,763
286	$8,356	$5,239	$3,117	$493,525
287	$8,356	$5,271	$3,085	$488,253
288	$8,356	$5,304	$3,052	$482,949
289	$8,356	$5,338	$3,018	$477,611
290	$8,356	$5,371	$2,985	$472,240
291	$8,356	$5,405	$2,952	$466,836
292	$8,356	$5,438	$2,918	$461,398
293	$8,356	$5,472	$2,884	$455,925
294	$8,356	$5,506	$2,850	$450,419
295	$8,356	$5,541	$2,815	$444,878
296	$8,356	$5,576	$2,780	$439,302
297	$8,356	$5,610	$2,746	$433,692
298	$8,356	$5,645	$2,711	$428,047
299	$8,356	$5,681	$2,675	$422,366
300	$8,356	$5,716	$2,640	$416,650
301	$8,356	$5,752	$2,604	$410,898
302	$8,356	$5,788	$2,568	$405,110
303	$8,356	$5,824	$2,532	$399,286
304	$8,356	$5,860	$2,496	$393,425
305	$8,356	$5,897	$2,459	$387,528
306	$8,356	$5,934	$2,422	$381,594
307	$8,356	$5,971	$2,385	$375,623
308	$8,356	$6,008	$2,348	$369,615
309	$8,356	$6,046	$2,310	$363,569
310	$8,356	$6,084	$2,272	$357,485
311	$8,356	$6,122	$2,234	$351,364
312	$8,356	$6,160	$2,196	$345,204
313	$8,356	$6,198	$2,158	$339,005
314	$8,356	$6,237	$2,119	$332,768
315	$8,356	$6,276	$2,080	$326,492
316	$8,356	$6,315	$2,041	$320,176
317	$8,356	$6,355	$2,001	$313,821
318	$8,356	$6,395	$1,961	$307,427
319	$8,356	$6,435	$1,921	$300,992
320	$8,356	$6,475	$1,881	$294,517
321	$8,356	$6,515	$1,841	$288,002
322	$8,356	$6,556	$1,800	$281,446
323	$8,356	$6,597	$1,759	$274,849
324	$8,356	$6,638	$1,718	$268,211
325	$8,356	$6,680	$1,676	$261,531
326	$8,356	$6,721	$1,635	$254,810
327	$8,356	$6,763	$1,593	$248,046
328	$8,356	$6,806	$1,550	$241,241
329	$8,356	$6,848	$1,508	$234,392
330	$8,356	$6,891	$1,465	$227,501
331	$8,356	$6,934	$1,422	$220,567
332	$8,356	$6,977	$1,379	$213,590
333	$8,356	$7,021	$1,335	$206,569
334	$8,356	$7,065	$1,291	$199,504
335	$8,356	$7,109	$1,247	$192,395
336	$8,356	$7,154	$1,202	$185,241
337	$8,356	$7,198	$1,158	$178,043
338	$8,356	$7,243	$1,113	$170,800
339	$8,356	$7,289	$1,068	$163,511
340	$8,356	$7,334	$1,022	$156,177
341	$8,356	$7,380	$976	$148,797
342	$8,356	$7,426	$930	$141,371
343	$8,356	$7,472	$884	$133,899
344	$8,356	$7,519	$837	$126,380
345	$8,356	$7,566	$790	$118,814
346	$8,356	$7,613	$743	$111,200
347	$8,356	$7,661	$695	$103,539
348	$8,356	$7,709	$647	$95,830
349	$8,356	$7,757	$599	$88,073
350	$8,356	$7,806	$550	$80,268
351	$8,356	$7,854	$502	$72,413
352	$8,356	$7,903	$453	$64,510
353	$8,356	$7,953	$403	$56,557
354	$8,356	$8,003	$353	$48,555
355	$8,356	$8,053	$303	$40,502
356	$8,356	$8,103	$253	$32,399
357	$8,356	$8,154	$202	$24,246
358	$8,356	$8,204	$152	$16,041
359	$8,356	$8,256	$100	$7,785
360	$8,356	$8,307	$49	$0

Our powerful mortgage calculator tools helps you estimate your potential mortgage payment on the purchase of a property. Use our tool to find the ideal combination of interest rates, downpayment and real estate purchase price to see the payment that best suits you. Please consult a licensed loan officer to be pre-approved for financing options.

Listing Provided By

Tracy Tofte an agent of . Lic #01703584

© 2025 CRMLS. All rights reserved. Some listings on this website are from CRMLS as of March 25, 2025 The information being provided is for consumers personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.